Question

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:

Portia: The quality of mercy is not strained;
It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven
Upon the place beneath: it is twice blessed;
It blesseth him that gives and him that takes:
‘Tis mightiest in the mightiest; it becomes
The throned monarch better than his crown:

(i) Where does this scene take place? Why is Portia here? Why does Bassanio not recognise her?

(ii) To what is mercy compared in these lines? Why is mercy said to be ‘twice blessed’?

(iii) Explain the lines: ‘Tis mightiest in the mightiest; it becomes The throned monarch better than his crown:

(iv) Later in her speech Portia mentions a sceptre. What is a sceptre? How, according to Portia, is mercy above the ‘sceptred sway’?

(v) To whom are these words addressed? What does the person say in response to Portia’s words? Portia is seen as the dramatic heroine of the play. Using references from the text mention any two aspects of her character that appeal to you most.

Accepted Answer

Answer

(i)

A court of justice OR Venice
To resolve the case / save Antonio / help Bassanio’s friend escape from the Jew’s clutches. / to be the judge, lawyer / to act on Bellario’s behalf
She is disguised / in lawyer’s robes / dressed as a man.

(ii)

To gentle rain
It blesses the giver
And the recipient

(iii)

Mercy in a powerful man makes him more powerful.
Mercy is the most powerful weapon a powerful person can possess
Mercy suits a king far better than a crown does.
Becomes - looks better; attractive; suits

(iv)

Sceptre - a staff (rod; baton) held by a monarch/ symbol of his authority/ temporal power
A Sceptre is a symbol of a ruler’s earthly / worldly power - it inspires fear and dread/ symbol of awe and majesty.
But mercy is an attribute of God / a Divine quality/ so when a ruler shows mercy, he is elevated above the level of earthly kings / raised to the level of God/ mercy has a seat in the hearts of Kings

(v)

To Shylock
"My deed upon my head! / I crave the law ready to face consequences / The penalty and forfeit of my bond/ let me have the penalty."

Plausible traits

Obedient daughter - was willing to abide by father’s casket test to choose life partner.
Clever / Quick Witted - At Antonio’s trial... outwits Shylock using his own logic.
Sense of humour - the ring episode.
Tactful / wise / helpful / ingenuity / understanding / intelligent

Portia: The quality of mercy is not strained

Answer